The Unreasonableness of The Israeli Encryption Order (Third Part)

Secrets have special standing in Israeli law. As the Supreme Court has stated: "There are those who view the trade secret as property... and others view it as 'quasi-property' or a proprietary interest... Nevertheless, it would appear that everyone accepts that the trade secret does 'exist' in law and that the law provides means to protect against its exploitation without ...

Junk Email

On 23rd February, the General Assembly of the State of Virginia adopted a statute against unsolicited e-mail advertising, commonly known as junk mail or spam. Sending junk mail has become a contravention in Virginia, liable to a fine of $ 500. Mail that causes damage in excess of $ 2,500 to an individual user is now a misdemeanour. The statute ...

The Unreasonableness of The Israeli Encryption Order (Second Part)

Alongside its traditional military and defence applications, encryption is used in modern communications to encode cellular phone calls; for the security of information sent from Internet browsers to e-commerce sites; the protection of intellectual property in computer files; the management of virtual networks that link remote sites by the Internet; the verification of contracting parties' identities; the security of computer ...

Internet Privacy

At this very moment (January - February 1999) events are highlighting the Internet’s sensitivity to privacy. US privacy protection organisations (like http://www.epic.org) have declared a boycott on the giant Intel (http://www.intel.com), having announced that its new processor, the Pentium III, will include an individual processor serial number (PSN). The number will make it possible to identify the ...

The Internet and Copyright in Music

The music industry is busy formulating its policy with regard to the enforcement of copyright on the Internet. The problems essentially rest with two main branches of the industry - the recording branch and those involved in the protection of copyright - although it would appear that the main concern lies with the Performers' Rights Society and its overseas equivalents. ...

The Unreasonableness of The Israeli Encryption Order

On 16th September 1999 the Clinton Administration announced a new, far more lenient export policy in respect of encryption commodities. After years during which the American security agencies had claimed that the free export of means of encryption would endanger national security and had required encryption programs to leave a "back door" through which they could access the hidden information, ...

The New Code Order

Under Israeli law, means of encryption have to date been treated in all respects in the same way as weapons. This is prescribed in the Control of Commodities and Services (Weapons and Security Know-How) Declaration, 5747-1986. This Declaration combines with the Control of Exports (Weapons and Military Know-How) Order, 5737-1977, according to which "means of encryption" constitute weapons, the ...